1. lsblk
$ lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
loop0 7:0 0 63.9M 1 loop /snap/core20/2318
loop1 7:1 0 87M 1 loop /snap/lxd/27948
loop2 7:2 0 63.9M 1 loop /snap/core20/2264
loop3 7:3 0 87M 1 loop /snap/lxd/28373
loop4 7:4 0 39.1M 1 loop /snap/snapd/21184
loop5 7:5 0 38.7M 1 loop /snap/snapd/21465
sda 8:0 0 465.8G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1M 0 part
├─sda2 8:2 0 2G 0 part /boot
└─sda3 8:3 0 463.8G 0 part
└─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 253:0 0 463.8G 0 lvm /
2. blkid
$ blkid
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv: UUID="a1ff6803-c09c-4cd8-a67e-0ddb9e9dc0d5" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda2: UUID="cb4bfaf7-ca79-4d1d-998c-c5e59b27c22e" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="69c68a44-27d1-4d72-a436-66b3df918541"
/dev/sda3: UUID="2M4zfg-hQBR-gZxp-T6DP-XMtv-h3Bo-i506De" TYPE="LVM2_member" PARTUUID="59cf10cd-3e5a-4e36-a2c1-c24fe579eff5"
/dev/loop1: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop4: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop2: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop0: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop5: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop3: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/sda1: PARTUUID="4ab55468-27db-4999-981b-0dc78ed921d0"
3. hdparm
$ sudo hdparm -I /dev/sda
/dev/sda:
ATA device, with non-removable media
Model Number: HGST HTS545050A7E380
Serial Number: TE85123Q3E5LDW
Firmware Revision: GG2OACD0
Transport: Serial, ATA8-AST, SATA 1.0a, SATA II Extensions, SATA Rev 2.5, SATA Rev 2.6; Revision: ATA8-AST T13 Project D1697 Revision 0b
Standards:
Used: unknown (minor revision code 0x0028)
Supported: 8 7 6 5
Likely used: 8
Configuration:
Logical max current
cylinders 16383 65535
heads 16 1
sectors/track 63 63
--
CHS current addressable sectors: 4128705
LBA user addressable sectors: 268435455
LBA48 user addressable sectors: 976773168
Logical Sector size: 512 bytes
Physical Sector size: 4096 bytes
Logical Sector-0 offset: 0 bytes
device size with M = 1024*1024: 476940 MBytes
device size with M = 1000*1000: 500107 MBytes (500 GB)
cache/buffer size = 8192 KBytes (type=DualPortCache)
Form Factor: 2.5 inch
Nominal Media Rotation Rate: 5400
Capabilities:
LBA, IORDY(can be disabled)
Queue depth: 32
Standby timer values: spec'd by Standard, no device specific minimum
R/W multiple sector transfer: Max = 16 Current = 16
Advanced power management level: 1
DMA: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 *udma6
Cycle time: min=120ns recommended=120ns
PIO: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4
Cycle time: no flow control=120ns IORDY flow control=120ns
Commands/features:
Enabled Supported:
* SMART feature set
Security Mode feature set
* Power Management feature set
* Write cache
* Look-ahead
* Host Protected Area feature set
* WRITE_BUFFER command
* READ_BUFFER command
* NOP cmd
* DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
* Advanced Power Management feature set
Power-Up In Standby feature set
* SET_FEATURES required to spinup after power up
SET_MAX security extension
* 48-bit Address feature set
* Device Configuration Overlay feature set
* Mandatory FLUSH_CACHE
* FLUSH_CACHE_EXT
* SMART error logging
* SMART self-test
* General Purpose Logging feature set
* WRITE_{DMA|MULTIPLE}_FUA_EXT
* 64-bit World wide name
* IDLE_IMMEDIATE with UNLOAD
* WRITE_UNCORRECTABLE_EXT command
* {READ,WRITE}_DMA_EXT_GPL commands
* Segmented DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
* Gen1 signaling speed (1.5Gb/s)
* Gen2 signaling speed (3.0Gb/s)
* Native Command Queueing (NCQ)
* Host-initiated interface power management
* Phy event counters
* Idle-Unload when NCQ is active
* NCQ priority information
Non-Zero buffer offsets in DMA Setup FIS
* DMA Setup Auto-Activate optimization
* Device-initiated interface power management
In-order data delivery
* Software settings preservation
* SMART Command Transport (SCT) feature set
* SCT Write Same (AC2)
* SCT Error Recovery Control (AC3)
* SCT Features Control (AC4)
* SCT Data Tables (AC5)
Security:
Master password revision code = 65534
supported
not enabled
not locked
frozen
not expired: security count
supported: enhanced erase
114min for SECURITY ERASE UNIT. 116min for ENHANCED SECURITY ERASE UNIT.
Logical Unit WWN Device Identifier: 5000cca6e4f04455
NAA : 5
IEEE OUI : 000cca
Unique ID : 6e4f04455
Checksum: correct
4. lshw
$ lshw -class disk -class storage
*-sata
description: SATA controller
product: 7 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller [AHCI mode]
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1f.2
bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.2
logical name: scsi0
version: 04
width: 32 bits
clock: 66MHz
capabilities: sata msi pm ahci_1.0 bus_master cap_list emulated
configuration: driver=ahci latency=0
resources: irq:26 ioport:60a8(size=8) ioport:60b4(size=4) ioport:60a0(size=8) ioport:60b0(size=4) ioport:6060(size=32) memory:f2538000-f25387ff
*-disk
description: ATA Disk
product: HGST HTS545050A7
physical id: 0.0.0
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0
logical name: /dev/sda
version: ACD0
serial: TE85123Q3E5LDW
size: 465GiB (500GB)
capabilities: gpt-1.00 partitioned partitioned:gpt
configuration: ansiversion=5 guid=f9431bc4-69a0-4c10-b757-8b303cad8b4f logicalsectorsize=512 sectorsize=4096
5. fdisk
$ fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 465.76 GiB, 500107862016 bytes, 976773168 sectors
Disk model: HGST HTS545050A7
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: F9431BC4-69A0-4C10-B757-8B303CAD8B4F
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 2048 4095 2048 1M BIOS boot
/dev/sda2 4096 4198399 4194304 2G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda3 4198400 976771071 972572672 463.8G Linux filesystem
6. smartctl
$ smartctl -d ata -a -i /dev/sda
smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-5.15.0-106-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Hitachi/HGST Travelstar Z5K500
Device Model: HGST HTS545050A7E380
Serial Number: TE85123Q3E5LDW
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000cca 6e4f04455
Firmware Version: GG2OACD0
User Capacity: 500,107,862,016 bytes [500 GB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate: 5400 rpm
Form Factor: 2.5 inches
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 6
SATA Version is: SATA 2.6, 3.0 Gb/s
Local Time is: Wed May 15 12:46:32 2024 UTC
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 45) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 115) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 062 Pre-fail Always - 0
2 Throughput_Performance 0x0005 100 100 040 Pre-fail Offline - 0
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0007 253 253 033 Pre-fail Always - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0012 053 053 000 Old_age Always - 74559
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 005 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 067 Pre-fail Always - 0
8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0005 100 100 040 Pre-fail Offline - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0012 093 093 000 Old_age Always - 3440
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 060 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 2622
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x000a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 74
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0012 071 071 000 Old_age Always - 293402
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0002 136 136 000 Old_age Always - 44 (Min/Max 8/45)
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0008 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x000a 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 1
223 Load_Retry_Count 0x000a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 5
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 5 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 2004 hours (83 days + 12 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 08 c8 8b 90 00 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00908bc8 = 9472968
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 08 00 c8 8b 90 40 00 00:00:53.618 READ FPDMA QUEUED
2f 00 01 10 00 00 28 00 00:00:53.603 READ LOG EXT
60 08 00 c8 8b 90 40 00 00:00:50.063 READ FPDMA QUEUED
2f 00 01 10 00 00 28 00 00:00:50.047 READ LOG EXT
60 08 00 c8 8b 90 40 00 00:00:46.518 READ FPDMA QUEUED
Error 4 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 2004 hours (83 days + 12 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 08 c8 8b 90 00 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00908bc8 = 9472968
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 08 00 c8 8b 90 40 00 00:00:50.063 READ FPDMA QUEUED
2f 00 01 10 00 00 28 00 00:00:50.047 READ LOG EXT
60 08 00 c8 8b 90 40 00 00:00:46.518 READ FPDMA QUEUED
2f 00 01 10 00 00 28 00 00:00:46.503 READ LOG EXT
60 08 00 c8 8b 90 40 00 00:00:42.996 READ FPDMA QUEUED
Error 3 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 2004 hours (83 days + 12 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 08 c8 8b 90 00 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00908bc8 = 9472968
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 08 00 c8 8b 90 40 00 00:00:46.518 READ FPDMA QUEUED
2f 00 01 10 00 00 28 00 00:00:46.503 READ LOG EXT
60 08 00 c8 8b 90 40 00 00:00:42.996 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 00 c0 8b 90 40 00 00:00:42.996 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 00 b8 8b 90 40 00 00:00:42.995 READ FPDMA QUEUED
Error 2 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 2004 hours (83 days + 12 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 08 c8 8b 90 00 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00908bc8 = 9472968
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 08 00 c8 8b 90 40 00 00:00:42.996 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 00 c0 8b 90 40 00 00:00:42.996 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 00 b8 8b 90 40 00 00:00:42.995 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 00 b0 8b 90 40 00 00:00:42.994 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 00 a8 8b 90 40 00 00:00:42.993 READ FPDMA QUEUED
Error 1 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 185 hours (7 days + 17 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
84 51 e1 d7 09 8a 01 Error: ICRC, ABRT 225 sectors at LBA = 0x018a09d7 = 25823703
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 00 b8 06 8a e0 00 00:00:02.008 READ DMA EXT
25 00 00 b8 fe 89 e0 00 00:00:01.998 READ DMA EXT
25 00 00 b8 f6 89 e0 00 00:00:01.980 READ DMA EXT
25 00 00 b8 ee 89 e0 00 00:00:01.944 READ DMA EXT
25 00 00 b8 e6 89 e0 00 00:00:01.927 READ DMA EXT
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 2842 -
# 2 Short offline Completed without error 00% 2842 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.